Isingeniso kwiilebhile zeplastiki: izinto eziphambili kunye neenkqubo

Ehlabathini lokuleyibhile imveliso, iileyibhile zeplastiki ziye zaba sisisombululo esiguquguqukayo nesihlala ixesha elide kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ezi lebhile zibalulekile kuphawu, ukuchongwa kwemveliso kunye nokuthotyelwa kweemfuneko zolawulo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweelebula zeplastiki kunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwabo, ubuhle kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Eli nqaku lijonga ngokuthe ngqo kwizinto eziphambili ze-PET, i-PC, i-ABS kunye ne-PP, kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweempawu zeplastiki, kubandakanywa i-electroplating, ukuprintwa kwesikrini, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET):

I-PET yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilebhile zeplastiki. Ezaziwa ngokucaca kwazo, ukomelela, kunye nokuxhathisa ukufuma, iilebhile zePET zifanelekile kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuqina okuphezulu. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo apho ileyibhile ibonakaliswe kwiimeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo, ezifana neemveliso zangaphandle okanye izinto ezihlala ziphathwa.

Polycarbonate (PC) :

I-PC yenye into esetyenziswa rhoqo xa kusenziwa iilebhile zeplastiki. Iileyibhile zePC ziyaziwa ngokuxhathisa kwazo okugqwesileyo kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal, zizenza zilungele usetyenziso olufuna ukuqina okuphezulu. Ezi bhayibhile zinokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye azikwazi ukukrazula okanye ukuphuka phantsi koxinzelelo. Oku kubenza babe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso, iinxalenye zeemoto, kunye nezixhobo zombane.

I-Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS):

I-ABS yipolymer ye-thermoplastic edibanisa amandla, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nempembelelo. Iileyibhile ze-ABS zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna ibhalansi phakathi kokuqina kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso zabathengi, iithoyi, kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya. Ukuguquguquka kwe-ABS kuvumela ukuba iprintwe kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule, ukuvumela abavelisi ukuba bavelise iilebhile ezihlangabezana neempawu ezithile kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.

Ipolypropylene (PP):

I-PP yenye into eyaziwayo yelebula yeplastiki, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna isisombululo esilula kunye nesiguquguqukayo. Iileyibhile zePP zixhathisa ukufuma, iikhemikhali, kunye nemitha ye-UV, izenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kokutya, iimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu, kunye nempahla yasekhaya. Iileyibhile zePP zinokuprintwa ngemibala eqaqambileyo kunye nemizobo entsonkothileyo, ephucula umtsalane wabo obonakalayo kwaye ubenze isixhobo esisebenzayo sokuthengisa.

Iinkqubo eziphambili:

Electroplatingbubuchule obubeka umaleko wesinyithi kumphezulu weeleyibhile zeplastiki, uphucula ubuhle bazo kunye nokubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo ekugugile kunye nokuhlwa. Inkqubo inenzuzo ngokukhethekileyo kwiilebula ezisetyenziswe kwiimveliso eziphezulu, apho ukubonakala okuphezulu kubalulekile. Iileyibhile ezifakwe kwi-electroplated zinokusetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa i-electronics, i-automotive, kunye nempahla ye-luxury, apho i-branding kunye nenkcazo ibalulekile.

Ushicilelo lwekhusiyindlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yoshicilelo lwemizobo kunye nokubhaliweyo kwiileyibhile zeplastiki. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukutyhala i-inki kwiscreen semesh kwindawo yeleyibhile, evumela imibala eqaqambileyo kunye noyilo oluntsonkothileyo. Ushicilelo lwesikrini lusebenza ngokukodwa ekuveliseni inani elikhulu leelebhile ezinomgangatho ongaguqukiyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iilebhile zemveliso, izinto zokwazisa, kunye neempawu.

Ukuprintwa kokutshintshwa kwe-thermalyenye indlela esebenzayo yokuvelisa iilebhile zeplastiki ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukusebenzisa ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo lokudlulisa i-inki ukusuka kwisixhobo sokuphatha ukuya kwindawo yeleyibhile. Utshintshiselwano lwe-Thermal luvumela imizobo eneenkcukacha kunye nokubhaliweyo okucokisekileyo ukuba kufakwe kwiilebhile, kuyenza ilungele uyilo oluntsonkothileyo. Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziselwa iilebhile zempahla, izinto zokuthengisa, kunye neemveliso ezizodwa. Ukuqina kweelebhile zokutshintshwa kwe-thermal kuqinisekisa ukuba zigcina inkangeleko yazo nangona zibonakaliswe kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Isishwankathelo, ukukhethwa kwezinto kunye neenkqubo ekuveliseni iilebula zeplastiki zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwazo kunye nokusebenza kwazo. I-PET, i-PC, i-ABS kunye ne-PP nganye ineempawu ezikhethekileyo ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo, ngelixa iinkqubo ezifana ne-electroplating, ukuprintwa kwesikrini, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal kunika abavelisi izixhobo zokuvelisa iilebula eziphezulu, ezizinzileyo. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokuvela, imfuno yezisombululo zeleyibhile entsha iya kuqhuba ukuqhubela phambili kwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iilebhile zeplastiki zihlala ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yophawu lwemveliso kunye nokuchongwa.

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